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Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. (simply known as Hanna-Barbera and also referred to as H-B Enterprises, H-B Production Company and Hanna-Barbera Cartoons) was an American animation studio that dominated American television animation for nearly three decades in the mid-to-late 20th century. It was formed in 1957 by former Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animation directors William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (creators of ''Tom and Jerry'') and live-action director George Sidney in partnership with Columbia Pictures' Screen Gems television division.〔 It was sold to Taft Broadcasting in late 1966, and spent the next two decades as a subsidiary of the parent and its successors. Hanna-Barbera was known not only for its vast variety of series and characters, but for building upon and popularizing the concepts and uses of limited animation. For over thirty years, Hanna-Barbera produced many successful animated shows, including ''The Flintstones'', ''Yogi Bear'', ''The Jetsons'', ''Scooby-Doo'' and ''The Smurfs''. Also, the studio produced many television movies, theatrical films and specials. In addition to winning seven Oscars, Hanna and Barbera won eight Emmy Awards,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=William Hanna – Awards )〕 a Golden Globe Award, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other merits. After its fortunes declined in the mid-eighties when the profitability of Saturday morning cartoons was eclipsed by weekday afternoon syndication, it was purchased from Taft (by then named Great American Broadcasting) in late 1991 by Turner Broadcasting System, who used much of its back catalog to program its new channel, Cartoon Network. After Turner purchased the company, both Hanna and Barbera continued to serve as mentors and creative consultants. In 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner, and Hanna-Barbera became a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Animation. With Hanna's death in 2001, it was absorbed into its parent, and Cartoon Network Studios continued the projects for the channel's output. Barbera continued to work for Warner Bros. Animation until his death in 2006. The studio now exists as an in-name-only company used to market properties and productions associated with the Hanna-Barbera library, specifically its "classic" works. In 2005, the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences honored Hanna and Barbera with a bronze wall sculpture of them and the characters they created. ==History== Melrose, New Mexico native William Hanna and New York City-born Joseph Barbera first met while working at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio in 1939. Their first directorial production was the Oscar-nominated ''Puss Gets the Boot'' (1940), which served as the basis for the popular ''Tom and Jerry'' series of short subject theatricals. Hanna and Barbera served as directors and story men of the shorts for over 18 years. Hanna provided the screams and yells for Tom. Seven of the cartoons won seven Oscars for Best Short Subject (Cartoons) between 1943 and 1953, though the trophies were awarded to their producer Fred Quimby, who was not involved in the creative development of the shorts. With Quimby's retirement in 1955, Hanna and Barbera became the producers in charge of the MGM animation studio's output.〔 Outside of their work on the shorts, the two men moonlighted on outside projects, including the original title sequences and commercials for ''I Love Lucy''. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer decided in early 1957 to close its cartoon studio, as it felt it had acquired a reasonable backlog of shorts for re-release.〔Barrier, Michael (1999). ''Hollywood Cartoons''. New York: Oxford University Press. Pg. 547–548. ISBN 0-19-516729-5.〕 Hanna and Barbera, contemplating their future while completing the final ''Tom and Jerry'' and ''Droopy'' cartoons, began producing animated television commercials.〔 During their last year at MGM, they developed a concept for an animated television program about a dog and cat pair in various misadventures.〔 After they failed to convince to back their venture, live-action director George Sidney, who'd worked with Hanna and Barbera on several of his features, most notably ''Anchors Aweigh'' in 1945, offered to serve as their business partner and convinced Screen Gems, the television subsidiary of Columbia Pictures, to make a deal with the animation producers.〔 Harry Cohn, head of Columbia Pictures, took an 18% ownership in Hanna and Barbera's new company, ''H-B Enterprises'',〔 and provided working capital to produce. Screen Gems became the new studio's distributor and its licensing agent, handling merchandizing of the characters from the animated programs.〔 H-B Enterprises offically opened for business in rented offices on the lot of Kling Studios (formerly Charlie Chaplin Studios)〔 on July 7, 1957, two months after the MGM animation studio closed down.〔Barrier, Michael (1999). ''Hollywood Cartoons''. New York: Oxford University Press. Pg. 560–562. ISBN 0-19-516729-5.〕 Sidney and several Screen Gems alumni became members of the studio's original board of directors, and much of the former Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animation staff – including animators Carlo Vinci, Kenneth Muse, Lewis Marshall, Michael Lah, and Ed Barge and layout artists Ed Benedict and Richard Bickenbach – as its production staff.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hanna-Barbera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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